Amendment XIV to the US Constitution subsequently surpassed the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) denying citizenship to the blacks. This amendment contains the Citizenship Clause, Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause specifically designed to eradicate racial discrimination and to protect rights to life, citizenship and equal protection under the law among other things (Nelson, 1988 p 97).

This amendment shaped the future of civil rights in America for over a century that preceded the civil rights movement of 1960s. Likewise, ambassadors of humanity invoke the 14th amendment to pressure the government to enforce just laws to cushion the American people from totalitarian control.

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